Social Media and Self-Perception: Investigating the Role of Online Validation on Adolescent Mental Health

Abstract

This study examined the prevalence and patterns of validation-seeking behavior among a diverse sample, utilizing a standardized 1–5 Likert scale measure. Data from 312 participants revealed that most individuals scored within the moderate–high range (42.3%), followed by high (27.6%), moderate–low (21.2%), and low (9.0%) categories. The overall mean score was 3.9 (SD = 0.8), indicating a general tendency toward above-average reliance on external approval. Findings suggest that while moderate levels of validation-seeking may facilitate healthy social functioning, higher levels could be indicative of potential psychosocial vulnerabilities, such as low self-esteem or overdependence on external feedback. Comparisons with previous studies revealed consistency in the association between excessive validation-seeking and reduced well-being, particularly in contexts involving social media and peer feedback. The discussion highlights theoretical implications within self-determination and social comparison frameworks, emphasizing the dual adaptive–maladaptive nature of this construct. Recommendations focus on promoting self-reflection, fostering autonomy-supportive environments, and implementing social media literacy programs to mitigate risks associated with excessive validation dependence. Future research should adopt longitudinal and experimental designs to explore causal relationships and assess culturally specific patterns. Overall, the results underscore the need for targeted interventions and continued research to balance the benefits of validation in social engagement with the potential harms of overreliance on external affirmation.